Fuel cell inner-component temperatures have been observed to vary with first-order response characteristic due to varied step inputs, for example, in SOFC devices [38].
A recent extension (stochastic DCM for functional MRI) incorporates spontaneous noisy fluctuations into the state equations, allowing one to model dynamics without any experimental inputs, for example, in the 'resting state' (Li et al., 2011; Daunizeau et al., 2012 a, b ).
One might speculate that chronic pain disorder relies more on disturbed affective and introspective processing than on the disturbed somatosensory circuits that occur in patients who suffer from pain dependent on nociceptive input, for example, in a patient with posttraumatic osteoarthritis in the sample in Malinen et al. [ 15].
The reptilian cortex contains far fewer subdivisions than that of rodents, carnivores, or primates: it is subdivided into a medial cortex, often called hippocampus by anatomists; a lateral cortex, equivalent to the mammalian piriform cortex; and a dorsal cortex in between, which receives multimodal inputs (for example, visual inputs in turtles).
Alternatively, nonlinearities at the level of the IC could reflect convergence of inputs, for example, from binaural neurons in MSO, LSO, and DNLL (McAlpine et al., 1998).
All essential parts of the distance measure, i.e. the subtraction and the correlation of two inputs signals are implemented for example in circuits involved in motion detection [24].
Although the quantity of inputs, for example of industrial roundwood, increased in several regions (Table 6), their lower world prices (Table 4) still led to a reduction in total input cost.
It is trained by exposure to a dataset comprising inputs (for example, the characteristics of horses in a race) and outputs (the winning horse).
Uncertainty and variability will be explored through sensitivity analysis, including one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis to determine if results are modified over a plausible range of model inputs (for example, 95% confidence intervals of differences in EQ-5D, or variability in cost per patient of the WWCM program).
In addition the results of this paper can be used as input factor for models, for example in cost-effectiveness analyses.
However, there is need for more technical inputs – for example, successful film directors and producers in the diaspora could provide mentoring for their counterparts in the developing countries.
