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Once validated, the model can be used to study the effects of variation in system inputs, differences in initial conditions and changes in the structure of the system.
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Broadly speaking, inter-hospital differences in productivity can be caused by either different values of production (output differences), or cost (input) differences.
The arithmetic difference between input lanes was calculated and the distribution of these differences was determined for all possible permutations of input-input differences, and the mean of these distributions calculated.
If we consider inputs from areas that have no overlapping error bars in Figure 12 A as being distinct, then the input differences double and become 31% for V1 versus V2, 69% for V1 versus V4, and 73% for V2 and V4.
According to our fault assumption, the input difference Δ I29 of I29 has the following pattern.
The input difference Δ I31 of round 31 is computed as follows.
Similarly, the input difference Δ I32 of round 32 has the following pattern.
Here, c is an output difference of S-box S5 taking b as an input difference (c = S5(b)).
Here, b is an output difference of S-box S7 taking a as an input difference (b = S7(a)).
Firstly, the nonlinear error system is constructed based on error vector between state and the target point by utilizing the input difference between current input and cancellation input.
This input difference produces a maximum deviation of A · VDD/2n+1 from the ideal value of VREF at the amplifier's output.
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