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Exact(10)
Finally, γ = 0 implies that there is no innovation effect.
Obviously, the magnitude of the ith sector's innovation effect is proportional to If i.
Enterprises can imitate and improve mature products in the market and thereby realize an imitation innovation effect with the help of market information.
The main conclusions of the existing literature focusing on international trade note that the technological innovation effect of trade can simultaneously influence both importers and exporters.
Based on the theory of technology spillover in international trade, this paper discusses the technological innovation effect of trade by taking the influence of domestic trade into account.
The relevant studies mainly focus on the technological innovation effect from the perspective of international trade, however, and rarely consider the linkage effect of domestic trade.
Similar(48)
It becomes evident, that the End-of-life Vehicle Ordinance generates only minimal innovation effects.
Furthermore, those innovation effects are affected by the specific design elements of the instruments chosen.
However, we do find evidence consistent with the emergence of dominant designs having substantial positive innovation effects.
Innovation effects on firm performance vary from innovation type (Gunday et al. 2011), whether it is a product, process, organizational, or marketing innovation.
Our study is the first to analyze innovation effects of foreign employees by means of a representative micro dataset at the firm level in the Netherlands.
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