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These analysis were based on observation and were conducted by a single researcher - an inner validation.
The experience of external validation compared to true inner validation doesn't even compare.
I agree that in relationships it's beautiful to be able to meet each other in the middle and help each other out, but for me, that inner validation has to come from inside.
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In this case, d represents the percentage of training data that was used as internal validation set in the inner loop.
According to this definition, the inner loop of double cross-validation would resemble internal validation while the outer loop would work as external validation.
In the inner loop, cross-validation is employed for model selection [2] (also referred to as internal validation) while in the outer loop of cross-validation different test data sets are generated repeatedly that are used to assess the readily selected models (external validation).
Sydney, 21 Internal validation.
The inner cross validation was used to estimate optimal gamma and cost parameters, the outer cross validation was used to select the variables.
KronRLS determines the optimal regularization parameter by an inner cross validation step, and the parameter which gives the best performance on the desired metric is selected to predict the test fold.
The classification performance was measured using nested leave-one-out cross-validation, where feature selection and hyperparameter selection were performed in the inner cross-validation loop independently of the test sample of the outer cross-validation loop (Additional file 3).
Briefly, using the double-loop cross-validation setup described before, we used the inner cross-validation loop to determine an optimal set of features.
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