In the case of straight pipes, the pressure loss can be calculated with the Darcy equation, Eq. 4, where (Delta P) is the pressure loss, (rho) the density of the fluid, L the length of the pipe, D the inner diameter of the pipe, v the average velocity of the flow and finally f is a friction factor that is obtained experimentally.
The scope of this project is limited to 14" inner diameter of UPVC pipe.
By comparing the evaluated results obtained using our suggested method with the nominal inner diameters of the joints, the maximum evaluation error is found to be less than 0.05 mm, which is less than 0.294% of the inner diameter of the pipe, which indicates that a high precision evaluation method is established.
D i inner diameter of a pipe (m).
D is the inner diameter of the pipe.
Selecting a wood bead (spherical or cylindrical) that has a widest-diameter just slightly wider than the inner diameter of the pipe bowl.
Open image in new window Fig. 4 Test setup of plug processes Table 2 Test parameters Inner diameter of the test pipe, mm Outer diameter of the test pipe, mm Water density ρ water, kg m−3 Water viscosity µ water, kg ms−1 Inlet velocity w 0, m s−1 Test pressure P test, MPa Reynolds number Re 25 30 1000 0.001003 1 0.1 25,925.
Since the inner diameter of the outer pipe was 4.0 mm and the outer diameter of the inner pipe was 3.5 mm, a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) tape of 0.15 mm thickness was attached to the distal end of the inner pipe to prevent organic materials from entering the space between the inner and outer pipes.
The effects of the frequency, amplitude and inner diameter of the vibrating pipe, and thickness of the silicone rubber sheet of the jelly-fish valve on the basic performance of VFP were systematically investigated.
Thus, the inner diameter of the straight pipe is increased to d 1 = 70 mm.
Based on the common design principle of hydrocyclone, the inner diameter of the straight pipe is set as d 1 = 55 mm.
