Sentence examples for innate stimulus from inspiring English sources

The complete maturation of M-hMPV treated-moDCs was demonstrated by their ability to stimulate IFN-γ synthesis by allogeneic T cells indicating that M-hMPV protein is a predominant Th1 promoting innate stimulus.

When responses to a classic innate stimulus, LPS, was examined, patterns similar to innate PPD responses were seen: no increase in IL-10 and TNF-α responses after vaccination, and a significant decrease in both cytokines between T0 and T24 (p<0.001) (Figure 3B).

In this regard, the previously noted potency of curdlan as an innate stimulus appears to relate to its ability to form large particles that cannot be internalized.

As for the total CD4+CD25+ T cells used previously, CD25+GFP+ DEREG T cells proliferated more extensively when curdlan was included in the cultures than when no innate stimulus was present (Fig. 2A).

This was accompanied by greater expansion of total CD4+CD25+ T cells in curdlan-containing cultures when compared with cultures containing CpG or lacking any innate stimulus (Fig. 1C), suggesting that factors produced by DC in response to curdlan favor proliferation and/or survival of CD4+CD25+ T cells and induce development of an IL-17-producing population.

CD14 is released from monocytes upon activation, and soluble CD14 (sCD14) in plasma can be used as a marker of such activation in response to innate stimuli [12], [42].

Enhanced generation of NO and increased expression of iNOs protein in SphK-1++ macrophages in response to M. smegmatis and/or various innate stimuli demonstrated their M-1bright phenotype.

Dendritic cells activated by innate stimuli migrate to regional lymph nodes, where they activate the acquired immune system.

Interestingly, AIRmin and AIRmax mice that were selected by an innate stimuli maintained the polarized inflammatory profile with a stimulus derived from T-cell-dependent adaptive inflammation.

The most potent inducers of T cells are the dendritic cells (DCs), which must be activated by innate stimuli and cytokines for optimal immunogenicity.

In conclusion, innate stimuli and cytokines which are associated with HIV replication may provide costimulatory signals to CD4+ T cells either directly or as we show here, more likely indirectly through activation of DCs (Fig 7).