"The fact that there appears to be a neural population that responds highly selectively to music is probably some indication of the importance of music to humans, but it doesn't speak to music's evolutionary origins – we don't yet know whether the neuronal tuning is to any degree innate, and thus whether there is an evolutionary trajectory to investigate.
Khalidi presents his analysis in terms of the 'poverty of the stimulus' argument outlined in Section 1 above : '…a belief (concept, idea, capacity) may be considered to be innate to the degree that it would emerge as the result of an impoverished stimulus' (Khalidi 2002, p. 269).
The suggestion that localization of function is indicative of a substantial degree of innate prespecification is no longer tenable: localization can arise in many different ways.
You can see this in sports, for example, where retired superstars often find it difficult to coach or manage successfully because they are now supervising lesser mortals that weren't blessed with the same degree of innate talent.
The essential requirement is not training, but the desire to communicate one's knowledge, some degree of innate talent for doing so (modesty apart), and a willingness to learn from experience and pay good heed to the advice of more experienced colleagues.
Although hNPCs are clearly an artificial culture system, they appear to have some degree of innate programming that guides their differentiation as early passage hNPCs produce a majority of neurons when dissociated and plated while later passage hNPCs produce an increasing percentage of glia [3].
Data obtained from mdx mice and DMD patients suggest that, besides the innate immune response, some degree of cellular immunity is also involved [ 46, 47].
These cells have the capacity for self-renewal, differentiation, invasion and metastasis, and are thought to have a higher degree of innate or acquired chemo-resistance [24,25].
18, 19 Inherited variations in the degree of innate immune response may determine the lifetime risk of diseases upon exposure to adverse environmental stimuli.
