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Planning to nearly quadruple production to about 425,000 barrels a day by 2008, Suncor is in the midst of a $2.3 billion investment program -- $1.85 billion for Millennium and $500 million for Firebag, a project that involves injecting steam into deep sand deposits to produce oil.
Also, a lot of the bitumen lies too far underground to be mined, and has therefore to be pushed to the surface by injecting steam into the ground through many costly wells.Engineers and miners have come up with two techniques that have greatly reduced costs here.
Last year, the oil sands — thick, heavy oil called bitumen that is mixed in with sand and clay — produced about 1.5 million barrels of oil a day, half from strip mining of relatively shallow deposits, the other from injecting steam into wells in deeper reserves.
The company installed equipment that scrubs out more oil by injecting steam and detergents.
In the VAPEX process, propane is injected as a solvent instead of injecting steam at the same rate defined for the SAGD process.
However, after a long period of injecting steam process, steam breakthrough becomes a common problem which seriously influences the development of steam flooding.
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Cycle increment value of injected steam is 10%%, and the injection amounts of dissolver and carbon dioxide increase correspondingly.
High-quality steam is used for injection in SAGD projects, which means that the injected steam behaves as a multiphase mixture of liquid and vapor (Medina 2015).
Cycle increment value of injected steam is 10%%.
Injected steam conditions are typically at 80 bar and 300 °C [5].
For the first power plant (design 1) the injected steam is generated in the HRSG.
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