A notable barrier to the implementation of these programmes is the lack of evidence that the proposed techniques and initiatives effect a clear improvement in diagnostic performance.
Plans to put the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative into effect two years ago were postponed because of a significant backlog in passport applications and delays getting sufficient staff and equipment in place.
George Osborne has conceded that his £130bn Help-to-Buy lending scheme could artificially inflate the housing market after he asked the Bank of England to monitor the initiative's effect on property prices two years earlier than scheduled.
Mr. Pataki pushed back vigorously during his testimony when a plaintiff's lawyer, Ameer Benno, tried to show that he had been deeply involved in planning and putting the initiative into effect.
The Obama administration declined to comment on the deliberations, but pointed to a statement the Justice Department issued on Wednesday — the day before the initiative took effect in Washington — in the name of the United States attorney in Seattle, Jenny A. Durkan.
Mr. Pataki, a Republican who was governor for three terms, testified during the trial that he asked his staff in 2005 to put the sexually violent predator initiative into effect after he had failed repeatedly over the years to win legislative approval for such a policy.
State legislation passed two years later added a requirement that, when the initiative took effect in 2015, eggs sold in the state would have to come from farms that meet the California standards.
52 53 Nevertheless, if the level of frustration expressed by the continence service leads with the failure of fellow health professionals (and by extension the health service itself reflects actual shortcomings, then one might understand why there seems, within this group, an apparent lack of initiative to effect real and significant improvements in service quality.
On June 8, the Police Department put new public safety initiatives into effect for public housing, an effort that began a year earlier partly in response to concerns raised by the Civilian Complaint Review Board.
