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Moreover, both the fracturing initiation pressure and breakdown pressure decrease with permeability but increase with borehole pressurization rate, and the upper and lower limit of the initiation pressure are seen to be given by the impermeable (Hubbert Willis) and permeable (Haimson Fairhurst) borehole wall solutions, respectively.
a Chart of azimuth angle and angle η b Chart of azimuth angle and initiation pressure.
This departure from linearity is referred to as the fracture initiation pressure (P i).
Besides, the fracture initiation pressure and the hydrostatic fluid column pressure in vertical wellbore are equivalent.
Additionally, engineering parameters, like well trajectory and perforation azimuth, are related to fracture initiation pressure.
When the horizontal in-situ stress ratio (σH:σh) is decreased from 1.9 to 1.1, if the azimuth is 0°, the initiation pressure increases by 41.35%; if the azimuth is 90°, the initiation pressure declines 0.8%.
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In their paper, Matthews and Kelly (1967) obtained k 0 from the fracture initiation pressures.
Experimentally obtained transverse fracture initiation pressures were found close to longitudinal fracture initiation pressures estimated from maximum tensile stress criterion and Hoek and Brown criterion.
It is found that the fitted values are in good agreement with the experimental shock initiation pressures.
The fitted model is used to predict the shock initiation pressures of two kinds of explosives, TNB and TNETB.
Initiation pressures and values of maximum principle stress in the directional fracturing zone increase with increasing horizontal stress difference coefficients and slotting deviation angles.
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