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In this case-control study nested within a multicenter, observational cohort of HIV-infected individuals receiving ART, we found that, despite a decrease in most inflammatory markers with ART initiation, markers of TNF-α activation 48 weeks after treatment were associated with incident diabetes.
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MyoD serves hereby as an early initiation marker and mAch as a mature marker for myotubes[35], [36], [37], [38], [39].
Spo0J is an initiation marker for DNA segregation in B. subtilis cells at the onset of DNA duplication.
The expression level of cleaved caspase 3 (CASproteinthen (the apoptosis initiation marker) is increased in the KIAA1199 knockdown tumors.
We found also an association between recent ART initiation, marker of the HIV-disease progression and mixed malnutrition.
Then, we studied the floral initiation marker gene AP1 and its regulator gene FD because enhanced expression of both genes well reflects the molecular basis of RfBP-induced early flowering [ 40].
A control of X-inactivation initiation by pluripotency markers and, reciprocally, a stabilisation of the naïve pluripotent state by two active X-chromosomes have been suggested to sustain this equilibrium [ 14, 15].
We did not have data on age at timing of insulin initiation or biochemical markers of Type 1 diabetes such as glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, so we cannot be sure that Type 1 diabetes cases were completely excluded.
Having both a recent psychiatric hospitalization and recent legal difficulties also emerged as a robust trigger of depot initiation, but this marker was applicable to a smaller proportion (23%) of depot initiators.
Western blot analysis of LC3, an indicator of autophagy initiation and a marker of autophagosomes, showed that total LC3 levels and LC3 conversion capacity in MiR+ and in Ctrl cells are similar (Fig. S4).
Other studies have described plasma lactate 24 hours or 48 hours after ECMO initiation (as a marker of the adequacy of tissue perfusion) was a good predictor of death [ 13, 35].
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