Land use also affects the minimum amount of rainfall required to initiate surface runoff.
Tribological systems working in boundary lubrication/EP conditions rely on lubricant additive interactions to initiate surface reactions.
A first attempt at the three-dimensional evaluation of naturally initiated surface connected and internal fatigue cracks is presented.
This hypothesis requires the region to be wet enough to initiate surface water storage, which constrains landscape formation to interglacial periods.
Naturally, one would expect all the bioreduction process mediated by plant extracts to follow the same pattern of growth since all of them contain organic passivating agent that supposedly should initiate surface adsorption coarsening process.
Results show that defining the SC coefficient based on a half-cell thickness of the uppermost subsurface cell inhibits accurate prediction of infiltration rates (qe) and the time to initiate surface runoff (tro) for the adopted rainfall runoff scenario.
The performance (friction-related efficiency and wear-dependent reliability) of tribological systems depends on the time taken to initiate surface reactions, the nature of the surface reactions and the stability of the films formed as a result of the surface reactions.
Once the aggressive species penetrate FACs through defects and initiate surface corrosion, smart nanocontainers can respond to the environmental changes around corrosive micro-regions, such as pH [8 13], electrochemical potential [14] and ionic strength [15, 16], and rapidly give the feedback, releasing entrapped corrosion inhibitors to depress corrosion spread.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01295.010 This article lends support to a working hypothesis that mitochondrial PTP openings can initiate surface membrane remodeling by promoting palmitoylation-dependent endocytosis (Hilgemann et al., 2013).
Herein, we described the immobilization of the initiator on the SNP surface via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, which can simultaneously initiate surface-induced ATRP of poly ethylene glycol) methacrylate on the SNP surface.
These particles provide a surface to initiate soot surface growth.
