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These results showed that the excellent initiating efficiency of this system could be attributed to the favorable intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer and the close distance between reaction components caused by electrostatic interactions.
Due to the slow initiation and steric hindrance, the initiating efficiency is only around 50%.
This is confirmed by the linear correlation of the obtained data in the slow initiation plot, i.e. ln(1−f) + f versus ln(1−C), where f and C stand for the initiating efficiency and conversion, respectively.
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When SnCl2·2H2O was added instead of FeCl2·4H2O, a novel catalyst system SnCl2·2H2O/FeCl3·6H2O/EBiB/MA5-DETA formed shows better controllability, higher catalytic activity and higher initiating efficiencies (more than 90%) in comparison with the system FeCl2·2H2O/FeCl3·6H2O/EBiB/MA5-DETA.
Virginia also could initiate aggressive efficiency programs that would cut residential and industrial energy use, as well as preparedness programs, such as coastline management plans, to help communities adapt to climate change.
The increased length, dorsoventral and anteroposterior orientations of these flanges initiate masticatory efficiency improvement by increasing surface area for support of a five-part superficial masseter, relatively larger and reoriented deep masseter and zygomaticomandibularis muscles.
The effect of SIPA concentration ([SIPA]), TiCl4 concentration ([TiCl4]) and IB concentration ([IB]) on initiation efficiency of macroinitiator, grafting efficiency of initiating sites, average length of PIB branches of the resulting graft copolymers were investigated.
In addition, the photocatalyst can be recycled and reused to initiate the polymerization for many times without significant compromisation of the initiation efficiency.
Photochemically initiated polymerizations in media of enhanced viscosity revealed the highest increment of the initiator efficiency ratio ΦMF/Φ and the most pronounced reduction of ktMF/kt.
Using objective and easy to compare KPIs is important in our case where we are also interested in initiating an energy efficiency improvements "competition" among pupils of different schools, and the competition will of course have to be fair to all participants.
Despite the rapid development of various antiretroviral drugs, many drug-resistant variants have been reported after initiating HAART, and the efficiency of HAART is limited by these variants.
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