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For example at 35°C, the primary general stress sigma factor 24 coding gene, which is strongly expressed at an earlier stage under cell stress, and initiates the expression of rpoH (the heat shock specific sigma factor 32), specific chaperones (e. g. fkpA) and protease coding genes (e. g. degP) is down-regulated while rpoH, and other response mechanisms show up-regulation.
A specific pattern or parameter setting of shear flow initiates the expression of multiple genes in various biological processes.
Ultimately, the hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway stimulates the transactivation potential of NF-κB which initiates the expression of MMP-2/9 to facilitate cell invasion.
Further, the cytoplasmic pool of β-catenin translocates into the nucleus and initiates the expression of EMT-associated genes, such as α-SMA, vimentin or TGFβ [18,19].
TLR activation initiates the expression of important mediators and was crucial for inducing the innate immune responses in the epithelium and causing subsequent inflammation [31].
We hypothesize that NFkB serves as a proxy for the inflammation specific transcription factors that initiates the expression of pro-inflammatory genes while its activity is primarily modulated by the kinase activity (IKK) and the inhibitor (IKBa).
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They initially receive signals to exit from G0 and to initiate the expression of a set of genes required for regeneration.
There is evidence of increased expression of TRPV-1 in the airway nerves of patients with unexplained chronic cough [ 45], and a recent study showed that airway inflammation can initiate the expression of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in airway afferent neurons that normally do not express these ion channels [ 46].
Once there, it helps initiate the expression of genes involved in insulin-related functions and diseases.
The striking majority of these sites were at promoters sequences of DNA that initiate the expression of genes.
Moreover, upon AVE migration, the in vitro-cultured embryos initiate the expression of Brachyury, indicating a proper establishment of AP polarity.
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