Adsorption experiments were performed by varying initial metal ion concentration, temperature and pH.
The process parameters include inoculum concentration, initial metal concentration, pH and temperature.
Four independent variables, including solution pH, biosorbents dosage, initial metal concentration and treating agent were investigated.
The initial metal concentration was varied between 5 and 200 mg l−1.
Various initial metal concentrations from 20 to 150 mg L−1 were used.
With specific regard to chromium, Hasan et al. (2010) reported that Cr uptake decreased with an increase in pH, though increased with temperature and initial metal concentration53.
Biosorption experiments were carried out as function of solution pH, biosorbents dosage, contact time, initial metal ions concentration and temperature.
Temperature and pH are the most influential variables, whereas initial metal concentration and time affect the process to lesser extent.
The effects of contact time, initial metal concentration, pH, temperature and adsorbent dosage on adsorption performance were investigated.
Increasing initial metal ion concentration and the nozzle height was found to decrease the rate of extraction.
The effects of contact time, initial metal ions concentration, mass of the polysaccharide and pH were studied.
