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σ f is calculated by the ratio between the maximum load and the initial cross section of the sample.
The ultimate tensile strength is an engineering value calculated by dividing the maximum load on a material by the initial cross section of the test specimen.
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For given volume of the bar, distribution of initial cross-section, ensuring the longest life-time to mixed rupture is sought.
The initial cross-section of the torus is assumed to be circular, and the membrane material is assumed to be a homogeneous and isotropic Mooney Rivlin solid.
Micro-mechanical modeling using finite element analysis confirms that localization of plastic flow should occur between elongated 'hole shaped voids', despite their rather small initial cross-section size (2.5 μm) and comparatively large spacing (70 μm).
Neither change of polymer electrolyte resistance nor visible sample dimensions were observed on stretching the film, having an initial cross-section of about 0.3×8 mm2 under the loads of 0.3 1.0 kg.
Prior to structural optimization, the initial cross-sections of all the MWCNTs are of circular shape and the inter-wall spacings are 0.339, 0.352, and 0.359 nm for the AC, ZG, and CH MWCNTs, respectively.
Figure 2 Initial retinal cross sections with optical coherence tomography (OCT).
(a) Initial support: The roadway cross section was 5 m × 3 m.
Initial support: The roadway cross section was 5 m × 3 m.
In this problem the random inputs arise due to uncertainties in cross section, initial data or boundary data.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com