Exact(2)
Although conflicting data exist on IAV inhibition by tetherin (Mangeat et al., 2012; Watanabe et al., 2011; Yondola et al., 2011), it potently inhibited spread in A549 cells and was subsequently used as a positive control.
SERPINE1 expression inhibited spread of various clinical IAV isolates, including a derivative of a highly pathogenic avian H5 influenza virus, modified to remove the polybasic cleavage site in the viral hemagglutinin (Steel et al., 2009), A/Vietnam/1203/2004 HALo) (H5N1), the pandemic A/California/04/2009 (H1N1), and an isolate of swine origin, A/sw/Texas/4199-2/1998 (H3N2).
Similar(58)
The results indicated that while chitosan alone supported cell attachment and growth, GAG chitosan materials inhibited spreading and proliferation of ECs and SMCs in vitro.
Given the role of tetherin in restriction of HBV budding and release from infected cells22, we speculate that while ISG20 likely inhibits both primary infection and spread, tetherin only inhibits spread (Fig. 8C).
Recent preclinical studies have shown that the cellular tropism of several viruses can be controlled by inserting microRNA-target sequences into their genomes, thereby inhibiting spread in tissues expressing cognate microRNAs.
It might be more important for saturating the GAGs on productively infected cells to promote virion release, or for absorbing soluble GAGs in infectious foci to stop them inhibiting spread.
Indeed, we show that a single inhibitor, PAI-1, significantly inhibits spread of IAV and SeV.
We define the ON state as one where the RGDS epitope is functional, resulting in cell spreading, and the OFF state where the signal is removed or is otherwise inaccessible, which should inhibit spreading (Fig. 2b).
There's hope that certain drugs can inhibit spreading depolarization, including some migraine therapies and antidepressants.
This finding suggests a role for human GBP-1 in signal transduction and cytoskeleton organization and is corroborated by the fact that GBP-1 is known to inhibit spreading of endothelial cells [18].
Consistent with this, mutations of either tyrosine 247 or 265 found in the CT were sufficient to inhibit spreading.
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