Suggestions(1)
Exact(2)
In none of these regions, with the exception of the cerebellum, any main effects for either object information (noxious vs. neutral) or action (grasps vs. withdrawals) were found even at liberal thresholds (Supporting Information).
When subjects viewed others' hands grasping or withdrawing from objects that were either painful or nonpainful, distinct sensorimotor subregions emerged as showing preferential responses to different aspects of the stimuli: object information (noxious vs. innocuous), action information (grasps vs. withdrawals), and painful action outcomes (painful grasps vs. all other conditions).
Similar(57)
Neurones in the spinal cord that transmit information regarding noxious events to higher centres within the brain receive descending control from supraspinal regions.
Information about noxious stimuli is transmitted from the limbic system and midbrain structures down through the periaqueductal grey to the brainstem, especially the rostroventral medulla 19.
Polymodal nociceptors encode information on noxious mechanical, heat and cold stimuli, are usually responsive to inflammatory mediators, and their properties are often dramatically affected in inflammation (Andrew & Greenspan, 1999; Schaible et al., 2006).
This article considers some aspects of the functional architecture of somatosensory networks, with special emphasis on the interactions between bottom-up and top-down mechanisms that contribute to the discrimination of innocuous and noxious information.
Incidentally, evidence also suggests that noxious information from the spinal cord activates hypothalamic-projecting neurons of the LPBS.
In some individuals, however, central mechanisms, for example, dysfunction of descending inhibitory control [ 5] or altered cortical processing of noxious information, may play a greater role [ 6].
The findings of this study further underline the importance of ensuring widespread information about the noxious potential of nicotine absorption in pregnancy, as well as the need to implement measures to prevent this major and avoidable cause of lung morbidity and mortality in fetuses and infants.
The implication of basal ganglia, in the processing of noxious somatosensory information is well documented [30].
Our findings suggest that the diverse activity pattern in the spontaneous background of CnF neurons may have different roles in the transmission of nociceptive information induced by the peripheral noxious stimuli (eg, formalin).
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