What about the information contained in negative research results that are never published?
As a result, some students may have received biased, subjective information, resulting in negative sentiments being expressed (e.g. not internationally recognised; lower standard).
CI and PET/CT resulted to be concordant in 5/9 patients (CI identified recurrence of disease, but F-FDG-PET/CT provided a better definition of disease extent); in 4/9 cases, CI diagnostic information resulted in negative findings, whereas PET/CT correctly detected recurrence of disease.
So, if someone has had prior unsuccessful or negative therapeutic experiences or was provided information in a negative light, it may mediate an undesirable outcome to the therapy.
Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) procedures have been used to train individuals to interpret ambiguous information in a negative or benign direction and have provided evidence that negative biases causally contribute to emotional vulnerability.
These include a negative interpretation bias – the tendency to interpret ambiguous information in a negative way (Butler & Mathews, 1983; Rude, Wenzlaff, Gibbs, Vane, & Whitney, 2002).
Creedon has responded by offering a partial apology "to anyone who saw a genuinely well-meant approach to gain further information in a negative way".
Depressed patients tend to pay attention to, interpret, and remember information in a negative manner (7).
Extensive research has established that anxious individuals preferentially allocate their attention towards threat-related information [ 8] and interpret ambiguous information in a negative manner [ 9].
In addition, due to a lack of clinical outcome information in screen negative children, where records allow, we will exclude parents if their child was born at <35 weeks gestation or was transfusion positive.
