By contrast, in the case of statistical discrimination, ethnicity acts as a proxy for unobserved information, and members of a specific group are discriminated because employer lacks information (Arrow 1972; Phelps 1972).
While statistical discrimination is usually considered to be efficient in the case of imperfect information (Arrow 1973), taste-based discrimination is inefficient in any case in terms of overall social welfare (Becker 1971).
The boards said things like: LEARNERS: foreign born, Spanish dominant, 3 av kids, 65% rent STRADDLERS: immigrated young, 4 av HH size, blue collar/semi prof, bilingual/mostly Spanish NAVIGATORS: English dominant, some Spanish, 78% at least some college, semi prof/prof, 60% own home, HH inc $76K The towers of information, with arrows here and there for emphasis, were taller than I am.
Some p16+ crypt base cells 8 weeks after induction were lysozyme- and, therefore, appear to be stem cells (Fig. 2e, Fig. S7d, Supporting information; white arrows).
In the case of the obtained result with the algorithm by using graph, some objects (blood vessels) were eliminated, which lost important information (see arrows in original image).
In similar way to Sprint 2, the engineers analyzed the consistency between these artifacts developed about their information (dashed arrow in Fig. 5).
We cannot exclude other possible factors that might contribute to the current results such as the Gestalt effect based on the holistic perception of all congruent arrows, information reduction [18], or perceptual grouping [4].
A cell and its near-neighbour (NN) both possess OI-orientation information (double-headed arrows).
Mitochondria of PiZ mouse hepatocytes exhibited frequently swollen cristae (Supporting Information Fig S6A, arrows) that suggest mitochondrial dysfunction.
In contrast, the mitochondrial structure of HDAd-TFEB injected mice was normal with thinner cristae (Supporting Information Fig S6B, arrows).
