(2) How does risk perception influence flight crews' decision-making processes?
Jet stream patterns influence flight routes, travel time and airline fuel economy because long-distance air corridors are designed to take maximum advantage of prevailing weather patterns, which give a tailwind to eastbound flights and a headwind to westbound ones.
Wind tunnel tests conducted on a model based on the long-eared bat Plecotus auritus indicated that the positioning of the tail membrane (uropatagium) can significantly influence flight control.
We know bats can fly with very large holes in their wings (e.g. Davis, 1968), but we don't know if the wounds influence flight performance.
"Upper level wind circulation patterns are the major factor in influencing flight times.
Representatives of the airline's owning company, Kogalymavia, insisted there were no financial problems that could have influenced flight safety.
Therefore, it is not just the amounts of these proteins, but also their stoichiometry, that influences flight muscle structure and function.
Currently, the functional relationship between flight morphology and flight performance is not fully understood in butterflies, and further studies are therefore required to test how variation in P. aegeria flight morphology directly influences flight performance in nature.
Aspect ratio influences flight performances in butterflies (Berwaerts, Van Dyck, & Aerts, 2002; Betts & Wootton, 1988) and hummingbirds (Kruyt, Quicázan-Rubio, van Heijst, Altshuler, & Lentink, 2014) and is related to migratory distance in birds (Fiedler, 2005; Lockwood, Swaddle, & Rayner, 1998; Winkler & Leisler, 1992).
The elevated BMR of migrant species may also in part reflect the timing of metabolic measurements and the influence of flight muscle hypertrophy preceding long-distance migratory flights in species such as Red Knots Calidris canutus [48].
You look at the likes of Cristiano Ronaldo or Messi, whether it's the boots they wear, the haircuts they have, and you see the influence top flight footballers have over football fans – in particular young fans.
