Due to the large sample size and to a possible inflation of the error type I because of multiple testing only p-values < .01 were considered strong indicators.
Indeed the pooling approach poses limitations compared to individual genotyping, that range from the inflation of experimental error due to pooling construction, to the inability to adjust for population stratification and the lack of haplotype and subphenotype data.
Table 1 demonstrates the inflation of DRISEE error for one of these datasets chosen randomly (SRA accession SRR061488).
While all methods yielded unbiased estimates of treatment effect, ignoring centres led to inflation of standard error and loss of statistical power when within centre correlation was present.
We applied P value less than 0.01 as significant for survival analysis to avoid inflation of alpha error by multiple comparisons.
Failure to control for centre effects in any form resulted in inflation of standard error, falsely high interval coverage and sizable drop of power, as ICC increased.
For example, to deal with the inflation of the error probabilities due to testing k hypotheses in the hierarchical setup, Meinshausen's hierarchical testing procedure (Meinshausen 2008) controls the family-wise error by adjusting the significance levels of single tests in the hierarchy.
Correlation between independent regression variables results in the inflation of estimation errors and the impossibility to statistically separate contributions from individual populations ("collinearity").
On the basis of these statistics and results, it appears that the reference-free method more precisely estimates effects that are smaller than those produced by the other two methods; thus, inflation of standard errors is an inadequate explanation.
Factors such as the strong multicollinearity between different pollutants present in most air pollution data sets present inferential challenges since standard statistical analyses will typically result in inflation of standard errors.
