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Inflammatory or edematous enlargement of the nerves may simulate neural extension of tumors on MR images.
However, inflammatory or oedematous enlargement of the nerves can simulate perineural spread so these changes are not specific for perineural spread.
The V. negundo has been traditionally used in India as antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, treating enlargement of spleen and others [ 83].
In contrast to other vascular remodeling murine models, pulmonary inflammatory infiltrates or vascular enlargements were not detected in KDITSN mouse lungs.
Alternatively, acute postoperative pancreatitis may develop in the gland remnant after partial pancreatectomy, and appears as segmental or diffuse enlargement with peripancreatic inflammatory changes and fluid collections extending to the retroperitoneal fasciae and the anterior pararenal space [4].
Limitations of CT include: poor ability to demonstrate small hepatic or peritoneal metastases; inability to demonstrate microscopic lymph node metastases; and inability to differentiate inflammatory from neoplastic lymph node enlargement.
Apoptosis of lipid-containing macrophages in the advanced atherosclerotic lesion promotes inflammatory response, lesional necrosis and enlargement of the lipid core, which lead to plaque rupture and acute thrombosis [ 1, 2].
In keeping with the multi-systemic nature of this disease process, 56% (n = 33) of the patients had systemic manifestations, including generalized lymphadenopathy (n = 15), renal involvement (n = 14), retroperitoneal fibrosis (n = 9), salivary gland enlargement (n = 6), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (n = 4), and lung involvement (n = 2).
HE-stained kidney revealed marked glomerular enlargement and increased interstitial inflammatory cells– 2(i)).
The pathogenesis of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is not fully understood and the relationship between inflammatory reaction extension and the ventricular enlargement is unknown.
Diffuse cranial nerve marked enlargement can be seen in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), neurofibromatosis and hereditary sensory motor neuropathies (HSMNs).
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