Exact(1)
Consider, for example, the most basic version of optimization by Simulating Annealing (SA) applied to the TSP, which, while theoretically guaranteed to find the optimal solution provided infinite trials [22], does not exploit structure.
Similar(57)
Expected value of sample information (EVSI) addresses the limitation of EVPI, which assumes parameters can be ascertained without uncertainty (ie, effectively assuming an infinite trial size), and seeks to provide an optimal number of patients to study within a future trial.
Thus, we require an infinite sequence of trials in order to define such probabilities.
But what if the actual world does not provide an infinite sequence of trials of a given experiment?
In this approach, the regression slope reflects the magnitude of the association of effect size and precision (ie, the "small-study effect"), and the intercept provides an adjusted pooled effect size (ie, the predicted effect size of a trial with infinite precision).
In a world with infinite resources, we could conduct clinical trials to address every permutation of coronary disease and every circumstance.
As the reviewer points out, if the model predicts that a particular choice in one trial will occur with near 100% certainty, and the rat makes the opposite choice, that the single trial will have an infinite negative log likelihood.
Notwithstanding these limitations on an actual series of trials one can imagine an infinite series of trials and define a notion of probability with respect to it.
We are to imagine hypothetical infinite extensions of an actual sequence of trials; probabilities are then what the limiting relative frequencies would be if the sequence were so extended.
The (strong) law of large numbers is the claim that, with probability 1, an infinite sequence of independent, identically distributed Bernoulli trials will have the property of large numbers.
This procedure is known as a trial and, for the case of infinite-horizon MDPs converted to SSPs, a trial can be seen as an infinite process that randomly finishes with probability 1−γ every time a state is visited.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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