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At 10,200 9910 cal BP, a cut-off channel began to infill with peat, while the surrounding floodplain remained relatively dry with Pinus forest growing nearby.
Each frame was tested with three masonry variants: (i) bare masonry infill, (ii) masonry infill with pre-mixed plaster on both sides and (iii) masonry infill with pre-mixed plaster on both sides and reinforced with a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) net.
The wall segments have three layers of steel plates (one each on the interior and exterior surfaces and one embedded in the middle) that are anchored to the concrete infill with stud anchors.
The frames with panel infill (with or without a window opening) exhibited higher load carrying capacity (up to 35.3% increase in the peak loads), secant stiffness and energy dissipation capacity.
This paper presents a theoretical study of the local and post-local buckling of thin-walled circular steel tubes that contain a rigid infill, with the motivation being an investigation of the cross-sectional behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubes used as columns in composite construction.
To do this, the experimental results of cyclic tests carried out on traditional timber-framed walls with distinct typologies will be analysed, namely (1) unreinforced timber-framed walls without infill; (2) timber-framed walls without infill with Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer sheets (GFRP) placed at the connections; (3) timber-framed walls with brick masonry infill.
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Whereas, the main failure mode of the masonry-infilled RC frames infilled with solid clay bricks was shear failure of the column and the masonry infill.
After this, two RC buildings with infill panels with equal bay-size dimension but different number of storeys and different disposition of the infill panels were studied, in order to evaluate the effect of the infills' presence in their structural response when subjected to seismic actions.
A miniature collage framed in metal is infilled with tiny found objects.
The architects began with a slender steel skeleton infilled with glass, but they offset the building's austerity with interior walls of pale unfinished wood and black brick.
In some parts of the world where erosion rates are high, the operational life of reservoirs may be reduced dramatically by infilling with sediment.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com