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Although we can only infer indirectly from our results, we found no evidence to suggest that IFN-γ induced macrophage actIFN-γ induceditamacrophagendent, unlike in IFN-γ–induced activation of MTB-infected macrophages [ 11].
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However the arrangement of the protomers in the LRRK2 and LRRK1 dimers can be inferred indirectly.
The quasi-two-dimensional electronic properties of such compounds are often inferred indirectly through examination of bulk properties.
Focus is on parameters that are associated with the auxiliary damage variable of the model that can only be inferred indirectly from survival time series data.
In these sensors, the existence of surface plasmons is inferred indirectly from absorption features that correspond to the coupling of light into a thin metallic film.
Until now, the existence of dark matter – the elusive substance that is thought to make up 85% of the matter in the universe – has only been inferred indirectly from its gravitational effects.
The intermediate structures formed through radiationless transitions are termed "dark" because their existence is inferred indirectly from radiative transitions.
The estimates reveal that labor quality, inferred indirectly from the data on employment, wage bill, and revenue, is an important input of production.
Taking a dig at YouTube where a lot of demographic data is inferred indirectly and not always accurately, Facebook writes "In narrowly targeted campaigns, the average online reach is 38% accurate, but on Facebook, our average reach is 89% accurate".
Studying the dynamics of health behaviors on social networks can also be resource-intensive because social network data must often be inferred indirectly, and many health behaviors are complex and thus difficult to quantify.
Similarly, in situ strength must be inferred indirectly from downhole drilling parameters (e.g., Kerkar et al. 2014) or defined from laboratory measurements (e.g., Horsrud 2001; Song et al. 2011; Chang et al. 2006).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com