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To examine the response of wild type and mutant mice to a secondary infection challenge, mice were infected systemically with a priming dose of S. aureus at 1 × 10 CFU/g on day 0 and then infected again with a higher dose of 3 × 10 CFU/g on day 35.
In the traditional infection challenge model (ferrets) vaccination with BV (large) vesicles resulted in greater protection in terms of symptom-score and a higher responder number.
During the latter half of the 20th century, induced human infection ("challenge") studies with S. Typhi were used effectively to assess quantitatively the human host response to challenge and to measure directly the efficacy of typhoid vaccines in preventing clinical illness.
Our initial work during the Predicting Health and Disease PHDD) Program with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) was focused on controlled infection challenge studies and community acquired infections to identifying novel host-based biomarkers of symptomatic infection.
Consistent with MCs playing a master coordinating role, MC activation also augmented migration of various antigen-presenting dendritic cells to draining lymph nodes, leading to stronger protection against a second infection challenge.
Results were used for evaluation of the infection challenge and for design of gene expression analyses.
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Since the 18th century a wealth of knowledge regarding infectious disease pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment has been accumulated from findings of infection challenges in human beings.
In addition, a significant stimulation in lysozyme and antibody production was observed in reimmunised animals after bath infection challenges with the pathogen.
Because the ΔsimA mutant shows significant attenuation in our HSB infection challenges, we investigated its potential to serve as a live attenuated vaccine.
The batch of inoculum was used for antigen preparation and in the later infection challenges.
We carried out experimental infection challenges against P. salmonis in Atlantic salmon families.
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