One inconsistency between the enculturation hypothesis and the existing infant data is that the apparent culture-specific visual attention patterns of Chinese and Caucasian infants appear to be specific only to the faces of their own race.
Infant data are collected at ages 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months as detailed in Table 3. Infant weight, length, head circumference, and mid-upper arm circumference are measured at every postnatal visit.
When infant data were not available, we multiplied the adult reference value for the congener by the ratio of the length of the adult half-life over the infant half-life for TCDD.
Therefore, all models of maternal and infant data were constructed to include season and parity (nulliparous compared with parous) as confounders, and interactions between group and parity or season were considered as appropriate.
Each participant's hospital identification number was recorded at the time of presentation, and mother and infant data were subsequently abstracted from their hospital charts by two authors (R.B. and E.B).
One HIV-infected mother had an indeterminate QFN result; maternal and infant data were used when considering the effect of HIV status alone, but not when analysing all four groups.
Analysis of a wide range of routinely collected health information in which maternal and infant data are linked will allow us to directly explore the relationship between key maternal factors and infant health, and provide a greater understanding of the causes of health inequalities that exist between the infants of Māori and non-Māori mothers.
The public health physiotherapist, dietician and maternity clinic PHNs only cared for the intervention group mothers, and the control group mothers' and infants' data was gathered when the control offspring was one year of age, that is one year before intervention was started, removing a possible Hawthorn effect on the control group.
