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Martin Weitzman, a Harvard University economist, has gone even further, showing that the inescapable uncertainty in climate science means that catastrophic economic losses cannot be ruled out.
"The centrepiece of Keynes's theory", he writes, "is the existence of inescapable uncertainty about the future".Uncertainty is different from risk, as Frank Knight, an economist, first pointed out in 1921.
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This uncertainty, inescapable in many cases, is ignored by some mapping packages in which the integral map is based on averaged recombination distances.
This led Berlin, on the one hand, to stress the need for caution and moderation; and, on the other, to insist that uncertainty is inescapable, so that all action, however carefully undertaken, involves the risk of error and disastrous, or at least unexpected and troubling, consequences.
"In the absence of conviction, I've come to terms with the fact that uncertainty is an inescapable corollary of life".
Whether the subject is cancer genomics or climate change or education policy, society increasingly expects science to do something beyond its remit, that is, to characterise highly complex systems in terms of unambiguous cause-effect relations that are useful for engineering or decision-making.Uncertainty is an inescapable part of life.
It is notable that process uncertainty factor is inescapable and it is innate in each realistic operation.
Beresford claimed that uncertainty is an inescapable element of the interpersonal, context-specific and judgement-dependent nature of medical practice [ 46].
Vaismoradi et al. [ 66] point out that uncertainty is an inescapable and omnipresent fact of decision-making in nursing because people experience complex life events surrounding health.
First, we must recognize that uncertainty and inertia are inescapable features of the climate system.
As uncertainty and subjectivity are inescapable components of volcanic hazard forecasts, they must be dealt with and clearly communicated to decision-makers and society.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com