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The inert mutant (D153N), the primary (R107G) and the secondary (K74G/R75G) cleavage site mutants as well as the double and triple mutants (K74G/R75G/R89G, K74G/R75G/R107G, R89G/R107G, K74G/R75G/R89G/R107G) were incapable of self-activation and, as a result, only the profurin form was detected in the corresponding cell lysates (Figure 7D).
However, overexpression of the catalytically inert mutant has also a relatively minor effect on the integrity of DNA MMR.
For the more sensitive rat sympathetic neuron assay, a similar baseline apoptosis rate of 3 4% was seen with the empty vector and the inert mutant control.
Rather, the observation that behaviorally inert mutant males elicited courtship behavior from control males suggested a change in chemical cues provided by miR-124 mutant males.
However, we identified only one potential PHD3 mutation in our cohort of inherited phaeochromocytoma probands and, although the missense variant was not detected in normal controls, we did not detect any evidence that the p.Arg8Ser impaired neuronal apoptosis to a substantial degree (as compared to a catalytically inert mutant).
Again wild-type and p.Arg8Ser mutant PHD3 were associated with an increase in apoptosis (30.6 and 22.8% respectively) that was highly statistically significant compared to the catalytically inert mutant (P=0.0001 and P=0.0003), though the p.Arg8Ser mutant demonstrated a mildly, yet statistically significant, lower level of apoptosis (P=0.016) than that of the wild type (see Fig. 4).
Similar(53)
In contrast to the inert D153N mutant, other mutants including the K117P, G, G5, G6, D4K and H6, were readily isolated from the medium using metal-chelating chromatography (Figure 2C).
As a control, we constructed the catalytically inert D153N mutant with the substitution of the essential active site Asp153 (Figure 2A).
The constructs encoding the full-length human furin (furWT) and the catalytically inert furin mutant D153N (furD153N) in which Asn replaced the essential active site Asp153 were described earlier [34].
We also used MCF-7 cells which were stably transfected with either the wild-type furin (MCF-7 furWT) MCF-7 furWTlytically inert furin mutant (MCF-7:furD153N) and Loro cells withethe recatalyticallyxpressinertfurin wild-type furin (LoVo:furWT).
Furthermore, of the 170 differentially expressed genes that were induced by both ND13 and NA10, 74 of these genes also differed significantly between ND13 and NA10 and the functionally inert ND13(N51S) mutant genes with at least a 50% difference in expression level (Table 1).
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