First, most known sociodemographic inequalities in markers of diagnostic timeliness (such as stage at diagnosis) are concentrated on cancers with relatively clear-cut symptom signatures that is cancers in which the majority of patients present with visible, palpable or audible symptoms (Lyratzopoulos and Abel, 2013; Lyratzopoulos et al, 2013a; Robbins et al, 2014).
Thirdly, we cannot discount the possibility that income inequality is a marker of broader societal characteristics such as political ideology or race relations.
Within that frame are several distinct subthemes: the process of industrialization in Europe and elsewhere; social mobility, class structures, and class differences; social unrest and the stresses of modernization and industrialization; economic and social equality and inequality and their markers; the role of women in modernization; and the origins of nationalism.
We obtained countrywide health indicators for life expectancy, infant mortality, maternal mortality ratio, % low birth weight babies, Gini coefficient (a measure of wealth inequality) and various markers of freedom based on political rights and civil liberties.
In schools, the boxes became a marker of inequality.
In schools in Japan, and increasingly in the United States, bento boxes have been a marker of inequality during meals.
"Uncertain (or pessimistic) survival expectations are emerging as an important marker of inequality in the United States, as adolescent pessimism about future survival has been linked to a range of deleterious behaviors, such as delinquency, fighting and violence, and suicide attempts," reads the abstract from the report.
Alternatively the use of the asset index approach as a measure of wealth may not have been a sensitive marker of inequality in geographical accessibility.
However grateful financial-aid students may feel, such kind offers can represent disturbing markers of inequality.
Using both Theil's T and the Gini coefficient as our statistical markers of inequality, we can determine that incomes are highly unequal overall, with both high T and Gini values for all years (Figure 13).
Much of the local literature on masculinities has foregrounded a lens that acknowledges the complex intersections of gender with race, class, age and other markers of inequality (see, for example, Wilson 2006; Mfecane 2008; Morrell 2007).
