Consistent with our hypothesis, under these conditions, ODNR01 showed significant inhibitory effects on M1 marker expression, but remained ineffective on M2 marker expression (Fig 5E).
Without surrogate markers, ineffective drug candidates advance to the largest, the longest, and the most expensive (Phase III) clinical trials when they otherwise would not.
Because of lack of specificity, VEGF-C and hnRNP A2/B1mRNA were found to be similarly ineffective as genetic markers for lung cancer cells in our quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay.
Hormaza [ 33] also tested a female-specific RAPD marker in wild Pistacia species and found the marker ineffective for sex determination.
However, this RAPD marker was ineffective for sex determination in other Pistacia species [ 33].
We believe that the three clinically relevant situations selected by us serve as an adequate marker of ineffective treatment.
However, if any markers are identified ineffective, the savings in money, time, and resources may be significant.
In principle, these genes could be considered markers of either ineffective defence activation or compatibility between A. thaliana and G. cichoracearum.
This kind of rough and ineffective justice is often a marker of early efforts to cope with the first wave of public concern over air pollution.
MS-275 and PXD101 had only modest effects on mesenchymal markers, and Tubastatin A was ineffective.
In NHL, each malignant B cell clone expresses a unique cell surface immunoglobulin (Ig) as the tumor-specific marker, making standard treatments ineffective.
