With the benefit of a public listing, in 1980, Mr Sugar branched into computing, launching first a games computer, then a word processor system and then, in 1986, a low-cost industry standard personal computer.
In fact, this procedure is so costly that most department managers use industry standards rather than computing the RVUs themselves [ 10].
The company is able to influence computing industry standards through its control of both services that supply content and the Chrome and Android software used to reach those services.
Using industry standard servers and technologies like "parallel computing," these "answer machines" can expedite all manner of useful tasks hundreds of times faster and more cheaply than competing technologies -- from spotting business trends and unlocking new sources of economic value, to preventing diseases, providing fresh insights into science, and combating crime.
Over the past five years, current management has been moving to commodity computing, not just in PC's but in "industry standard servers," which are, in reality, Intel/Windows/Linux computers in a different box.
Stephen O'Grady, a founder at the technology analyst company RedMonk, said the technology industry often has swung back and forth between more standard computing systems and specialized gear.
The machine was a hit, making desktop computing acceptable to corporate America and becoming the industry standard.
However, there is not yet an industry standard for designing sound experiences to communicate data generated by ubiquitous computing, particularly through emergent conversational interfaces.
In high-tech industries, such as computing and telecoms, the power of network effects encourages firms to settle on an industry standard to ensure that gadgets and software are compatible.
