Across the former socialist world, huge city-scale heating systems were designed along with national programmes of industrialisation: power-generating facilities and manufacturing plants were sited near the people who worked in them and could consume the energy produced, making it easier to lay pipes to channel waste heat from factories into residential neighbourhoods.
Automation is, of course, something that has always gone hand-in-hand with industrialisation: early power looms, for instance, automated a good deal of the process of weaving.
The crown jewel of the government's programme is a £2.5bn hydroelectric plant on the Blue Nile river, which it hopes will power industrialisation and turn Ethiopian into a regional electricity hub.
It is the last place where people can see and hear the visceral forces that powered industrialisation.
Regardless, Kellingley's miners know that after more than 200 years, the deep pit coal mining that powered the industrialisation of Britain is dead and unlikely to be resurrected.
Asked to explain, Turnbull said India needed both – coal-fired power for its industrialisation and other forms of energy, such as solar, in rural areas.
Sir Bernard said that he has "no desire whatsoever to see our glorious countryside ravaged", and in fact "you can hide a fracking operation in what is left of our countryside far more easily than its industrialisation with wind and solar power plant[s]".
Critics of Marxist theories contend that the introduction to industrialisation and modernity by colonial powers and the insertion in the globalisation process is however beneficial for poor countries (Sachs 2005).
The project was billed as critical to providing cheap and reliable power for India's industrialisation, but critics have long raised questions about its environmental footprint.
Software Industrialisation – How to Industrialise Knowledge Work?
Broadly we have suggested that while these young men aspired to a 'traditional' worker masculinity forged in the 1970s industrialisation in South Africa, with its emphasis on economic power to setup and sustain a household, including assertion of power over women and children (4), their ability to do so was severely compromised because they lacked the material power to do so.
