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"These populations have a quality of life much higher, regardless of poverty, than the model that Brazil is offering with the industrialisation model," Pacheco says.
Latin American cooperation started during the implementation of the import-substitution industrialisation model (ISI) in the 1950s.
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But others worry that Brazil is flirting with a state-influenced and inward-facing model of industrialisation that has failed before.Brazil and China need to make different sorts of transitions if they are to sustain their development.
While global governance in the 20th century was led by nations and companies championing the classical model of industrialisation with high social and environmental costs, the 21st century system needs to be driven by those able to marry economic dynamism with a high quality of life and the promotion of human and ecosystem wellbeing.
Devine also points to what he calls the "silent transformation of the Scottish economy", based on the metamorphosis in manufacturing from heavy industry through de-industrialisation to a more diversified model.
Japan's elegant "flying geese" model (with Japan leading industrialisation in Asia and the rest following in V-formation) brought manufacturing to the "miracle" economies of South-East Asia in the 1990s and even survived the abrupt intrusion of the Chinese dragon in the 2000s.
The hope is that this sort of "industrialisation" of the discovery process will become a model for future research.
We can give those nations preferential trade agreements to prop up their economies without them having to resort to the pile-em-high-and-sell-em-cheap model which demands quick and dirty industrialisation.
In the early days of their industrialisation, 19th-century Germany and Japan set up state-run "model factories" in order to kickstart new industries such as steel and shipbuilding, which the private sector considered too risky to invest in.
Although, the ISI model started as the theoretical foundation for industrialisation policies in Latin America, its logic was politically expanded to become the ideological foundation for opposing intervention in the region (Flechsig 1991 94-955).
These developments present the opportunity to revise broad assumptions of appropriate energy system investment models for non-industrialised nations without an expensive historical centralised high voltage AC industrialisation legacy.
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