For flower induction plants were transferred to short day conditions (8/16 h, day/night) for about 10 weeks.
For DEX induction, plants were grown on media containing 10 μM DEX/0.1% DMSO or media containing 0.1% DMSO for mock treatment.
For nodule induction, plants were nitrogen starved for seven days before inoculation with the Sinorhizobium meliloti strain Rm1021 pXLGD4 RCR 2011 GMI51) and root nodules were collected 14 days after inoculation.
In the control plants (no Dex-induction), plant growth rate and leaf size were similar to non-transformed controls except for the leaky line 6 (Table 2).
This situation could be explained by the induction of plant defense by plant cell wall-interacting proteins, which could be detrimental to the biotrophic lifestyle.
Enriched GO terms after BABA treatment included processes associated with induction of plant defence such as plant-type hypersensitive response, necrotic spotted lesions, cell surface receptor signalling pathways, innate-immune response, defence response to fungus, and systemic acquired resistance (SAR).
Plant material was immediately placed into liquid nitrogen in order to avoid RNA degradation and/or induction of plant response to wounding, and stored at −80 °C until plant phenotype had been checked 4 weeks after herbicide application.
Their exact mode of action is not fully known but in some reports induction of plant defense mechanism in such a way that brings about the plant resistance against plant pathogens such as fungi and nematodes has been reported (Arancon et al. 2002).
Although factors affecting callus induction and plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in V. rotundifolia were characterized recently, plant recovery frequencies remained low.
Terpenoid production in Euphorbia pekinensis (Rupr) plants increases upon inoculation with the endophytic fungus, Phomopsis sp., by induction of plant phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and DXR.
