If, within a single subject, the events before and after a traumatic episode were to induce punishment- and relief-memory, our finding that both these forms of memory differ in strength and susceptibility to retrograde amnesia may be of practical importance: while trying to erase punishment-memory, one may unwittingly also erase relief-memory.
China has implemented many control measures to curb the rising threat from road traffic crashes in the last two decades, such as setting speed limits, standardizing warning signs, improving driver licensing, and inducing severe punishment for law violations [ 3, 4].
The high level of monetary punishment should induce higher levels of investment so as to avoid suffering punishment for extended periods of time from other players.
The designer faces a dilemma – a punishment may induce a more correct choice, but its cost is socially wasteful.
The sole difference is that the prospect of reward or punishment can induce people to act as the morally virtuous would (as justice requires, for example), but cannot induce them to act as if they had the natural abilities.
Researchers working on olfactory learning in flies traditionally use sugar as a reward, and electric shocks as a punishment, to induce positive and negative associations with various scents.
Eventually, this low reactivity and poor conditionality through punishment might induce proactive, instrumental, and maybe even predatory antisocial behavior later in adulthood, forming a risk factor for proactive agression, antisocial personalities and psychopathic traits.
Results suggest that peer punishment induces greater contributions when endowments are homogeneous but does not increase contributions when endowments are heterogeneous.
It is worth noting that g n (L,p th ) should be strictly less than 1 since the denominator is only an upper bound on the loss induced by the punishment but not the actual loss (which depends on L,K,p th).
Reno Justice wants none of the Clinton-Gore Asian funny-money traffickers such as John Huang, Pauline Kanchanalak and Charlie Trie to face punishment that might induce them to involve any of the famous recipients of China's largess.
Resorting to a dehumanizing form of punishment well known to induce suffering and drive people into mental illness is beyond them.
