Chronic exposure, that is, up to 4 months or longer, recapitulates most features of COPD by inducing pathophysiological changes in mice similar to those observed in COPD patients, such as small airway remodelling and septal tissue damage/emphysaema.
Ischemic stroke can induce pathophysiological events such as amino acid excitotoxicity, ionic imbalance, and oxidative stress [4, 5].
It is possible that the generalization of the seizure discharge may induce other pathophysiological changes in the whole brain structure.
Proinflammatory cytokines play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of sepsis, and overproduced cytokines enter the bloodstream causing hypercytokinemia, which induces various pathophysiological changes and eventually results in organ failure [ 10, 11].
Diastolic dysfunction is a direct measure of structural and dynamic, metabolically induced, pathophysiological processes in the myocardium.
The obstruction of cerebral blood flow induces time-dependent pathophysiological changes in brain tissue, including tissue necrosis, and can cause death if the situation is not resolved quickly.
The present protocol did not include the treatment of hyperuricemia, since the UA-lowering drugs allopurinol, febuxostat and uricosuric agents have been well documented to prevent the pathophysiological changes induced by the oxonic acid feeding [ 4- 6, 10, 30, 44- 46].
The precise mechanism behind anthrax lethal toxin-induced cardiac pathophysiological changes is still unclear.
Each phase of the clinical procedure, including the pathophysiological changes induced by brain death, the complexity of donor management, and lung transplantation has been carefully reproduced.
