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The individual lexemes of the language constitute a semiotic repertoire that is available to the speaker and this must allow for innovative, meaning creating uses, or exploitations in Hanks' (2013) terminology.
UNDER and STAND jointly realize the single lexeme UNDERSTAND (whose meaning cannot be described as a function of the meanings of UNDER and STAND), whereas the single PAST morpheme directly realizes the single lexeme PAST TENSE.
One more terminological note: in the cognitive linguistics literature (i.e., Dunbar 2001) it is common to treat what we call 'sense generality' as vagueness: a single lexeme with a unified meaning that is unspecified with respect to certain features.
This process reflects the principle that diachronic changes and grammaticalization do not occur only on a single lexeme, such as the numeral "one" or the unit word 'dot'dot
One traditional carving is that ambiguity in words is a matter of two lexical entries that correspond to the same word and polysemy a single lexeme that has multiple meanings.[2] For the rest of this article, I will assume that polysemy is simply ambiguity with tightly corresponding meanings and I will not try to distinguish polysemy from ambiguity very carefully.
Single lexemes containing this sequence of sounds with stress on the same position were also included.
Indeed, as Grimm and McNally (2013) have argued, a single nominal lexeme such as examination may in fact have the potential for three different noun types.
In a language, the array of arbitrary signs connected to specific meanings is called the lexicon, and a single sign connected to a meaning is called a lexeme.
The lucky lexeme?
In Collins English Dictionary I reckon it's lexeme - a minimal meaningful unit of language.
Enigma seems "roughly" synonymous with riddle, but if so, why prefer pointedly the broader, older, more mysterious lexeme?
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com