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Fig. 3 Indirect trust.
Fig. 7 Direct trust calculation Fig. 8 Indirect trust calculation.
Through trust propagation, indirect trust can be established.
Then, we discuss the results on indirect trust evaluation experiment.
Hybrid trust is a combination of direct and indirect trust.
To study the performance of our indirect trust evaluation method (ITE), we compare ITE with an indirect trust evaluation method without malicious nodes detecting (WMD).
In the indirect trust evaluation, the indirect trust is calculated based on the recommendation trust from other vehicle nodes in the VANETs.
Both direct trust and indirect trust are taken into consideration when designing the trust management system.
The specific ways to calculate indirect trust values are determined by trust models [8].
Then, the indirect trust value is calculated by averaging all the remaining recommendation trust values.
We need to distinguish the malicious nodes before calculating the indirect trust value.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com