Thus, Drosophila MBs may receive indirect visual input from optic lobes, and the identification of such a visual pathway would significantly contribute to our understanding of the MB circuits.
Ten of 12 patients had hypopyon at presentation and optic disc was visible on indirect ophthalmoscopy in 3 of 12 patients.
Some devices, such as the flexible fiber-optic bronchoscope (FOB), enable an indirect view of the vocal cords.
All participants with any ocular abnormalities of the retina, optic nerve, and ocular media detected via indirect ophthalmoscopy, or previous ocular surgery other than uneventful phacoemulsification, were excluded from the study.
At the baseline examination, all subjects underwent a complete ophthalmic evaluation that included visual acuity testing with refraction, intraocular pressure, and dilated fundus examination with stereoscopic biomicroscopy of the optic nerve head using slit-lamp and indirect ophthalmoscopy.
This paper describes two novel integrated optic sensing applications based on antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) structures, for both direct and indirect liquid probing.
The optic nerve may be transected by direct or indirect trauma and results in permanent visual loss.
Optic atrophy, degeneration of the optic nerve (the second cranial nerve) due to direct or indirect damage to a particular type of retinal cell, called ganglion cells, whose axonal projections collectively make up the optic nerve.
Ultrasound measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) has been utilized as an indirect assessment of intracranial pressure (ICP).
An indirect ophthalmoscope was also used to inspect the fundus for damage, degeneration, retinal vessel constriction and optic nerve head abnormalities.
