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The differences in utility values between the direct and indirect groups of methods were sometimes substantial, and tended to be greater than the differences between the individual methods making up the group.
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The direct group includes the sieving analysis method, while the indirect group includes observational, experimental and image analysis methods [3, 4].
The Delphi method elicits expert judgements through indirect group interaction.
Delphi study involving indirect group interaction through a structured two-round survey.
A better result was found for the indirect group, but a high rate of crossovers from the indirect group to the open group at the time of surgery was reported and many patients were lost to follow-up.
Almost twice as many women in the direct than in the indirect group measured blood loss > 500 mL (8.7% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.02).
The researcher at the ICC prepared a list of all those women who did not actually participate in the ICC activities but received information indirectly from women who visited the ICC, that is, the indirect group.
In addition, almost twice as many women in the direct than in the indirect group measured a blood loss of more than 500 mL (8.7% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.02).
It is possible that measurement of bleeding in the bedpan or indirect group was curtailed as women were uncomfortable with the bedpan and blood measurement ceased after one hour.
Besides, our previous study showed that the concentration of TGF- β1 in the cell supernatant were increased after GC cells cocultured with PBMCs and its levels increased more in the direct coculture group than in the indirect group (Ma et al, 2013).
In both cases, parametric tests demonstrated the focused and unfocused indirect WCF groups not only outperformed the control groups in the immediate post-test but also in the delayed post-test.
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