We note that the stratigraphy and indirect dates indicate that this individual lived between 30,000 and 50,000 years ago20,28.
Higham and his colleagues went on to conduct a statistical analysis of previous radiocarbon dating results from Mezmaiskaya Cave and the six other sites in Europe and Asia ranging from Russia in the northeast to Spain in the southwest that have provided direct dates from Neandertal fossils, as opposed to indirect dates from charcoal and other artifacts.
Although some erosion surfaces are pre-orogenic, evidence about their predominantly post-orogenic age is supported by apatite fission-track and helium rock-cooling signatures, stratigraphic age-bracketing, stream channel gradient patterns, and other direct or indirect dating criteria.
Despite increasing knowledge regarding occupational succession in the Sahara from early to late Holocene [8], [10], [11], [16], [17], that record is based on individual sites that typically preserve short intervals of occupation, include few if any intact burials, and rely largely on indirect dating of human remains and artifacts [20].
Additionally, indirect dating of host molecules is possible in cases such as i) segmental duplications with a differential content of, and ii) haplotypes bearing insertional polymorphism for, 'complete' LTR-elements.
Both direct (fossil record) and indirect (molecular dating, biogeographic reconstruction) approaches to tropical rain forest history have limitations.
To date only indirect data indicated the presence of CYP3A in healthy colorectal tissue.
20 As GWTG-Stroke is an inpatient registry, we linked GWTG-Stroke data to Medicare claims by matching on a series of indirect identifiers, including admission date, discharge date, patient's age or date of birth, and sex, for the assessment of longitudinal outcomes.
His method too is indirect: it involves dating the evolution of the human body louse, which infests only clothes.
Following are the direct and indirect results to date of Kenneth W. Starr's investigation into the Whitewater land deal.
For example, in the most comprehensive screen for recombination in human mtDNA using indirect means to date, Piganeau and Eyre-Walker (2004) used five tests on six population data sets and obtained twenty-eight P values.
