Concerning to the present but also former findings we therefore strongly believe, that the indirect availability of pyruvate in the form of glutamate, glutamine, α-ketoglutarate, alanine, asparagine, aspartate, arginine, ornithine, serine or glycine may emphasise the fundamental importance of this molecule in restoring pathophysiological depleted amino and α-keto acid pools (Mühling et al. 2001).
In order to distinguish direct physical interactions from indirect ones, the availability of quantitative AP-MS data is helpful.
In the United States, the coal industry benefits from federal tax breaks and gets indirect support through the availability of tax-exempt bonds, loan guarantees and lien accommodations to support investment in coal plants.
A threshold for mineral-N was observed: emission of N2O did not occur from the clay soil for mineral-N <70 mg (kgofsoil)−1, suggesting that soil N <span class="lh">availability controls indirect N2O emissions.
The response of the striped ambrosia beetle, Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), to direct and indirect measures of habitat availability was examined across a heterogeneous forest subjected to various intensities of harvest.
This may rely on indirect signaling mechanisms or availability of globular actin.
However, counts of active licenses represent only an indirect measure of alcohol availability and can underestimate alcohol sales (Gruenewald et al. 1992).
These data well describe the complexity of nitrogen pathway as well as the direct and/or indirect consequences that nitrogen availability exerts on the whole metabolism of the plant.
The above technical problems, along with the limited availability of indirect calorimetry, have led to the development of predictive equations as surrogates, most of which have been shown to be inaccurate [ 18].
(For examples of pollination ecotypes in addition to those discussed below, see the special issue of Annals of Botany 113(2) (2014).) Selective drivers of this divergence may be direct differences in abundance, reliability or behaviour of different pollinator species, or indirect differences in pollinator availability imposed by competing flower species.
We have adopted a complementary approach that takes advantage of the wealth of data available for human faces, an indirect result of the ubiquitous availability of cameras.
