Sentence examples for indices of competition from inspiring English sources

Indices of competition for estimating rapeseed yield loss due to Canada thistle.

Spatial or aspatial indices of competition (e.g. Lorimer, 1983; Tome and Burkhardt, 1989; Holmes and Reed, 1991; Biging and Dobbertin, 1992, 1995) are the dominant mechanism for generation of size hierarchy in many tree growth models.

The level of competition to which each tree was subject over time was found by annually determining a distance-weighted absolute size index of competition for each tree.

Several recent comparative analyses of sperm morphometrics in passerine birds [15], [17], [18], [21] have documented the same qualitative relationships with indices of sperm competition as we have shown here; that higher risk of sperm competition is associated with longer sperm and reduced between-male and within-male variation in sperm length.

In two experiments, we examined electrophysiological indices of biased competition.

If the CVbm index is a more long-term, evolutionary signature of sperm competition, and extrapair paternity a more contemporary one that is more sensitive to ecological conditions and fluctuations, the two indices of sperm competition may actually complement each other in comparative analyses.

However, this pattern is not universal and the magnitude of sperm competition can be negatively associated with sperm length [ 31, 32], while in other groups there is no significant association between indices of sperm competition (e.g. testes size, social group size) and sperm length (e.g. bats: [ 33], 31 spp. of primates: [ 34], 83 spp. of mammals: [ 35]).

We considered indexes of sibling competition (i.e. level of brood reduction, clutch size, duration of nestling period) as the independent variables in our analyses because the hypothesis tested is that sibling competition influences the evolution of nestling conspicuousness.

However, because this measure has been criticized as an inaccurate index of sperm competition levels due to allometric problems [ 71], we have not used it in any of the statistical analyses.

After an evaluation of a variety of competition indices, the index DRD; sum of the ratio of each of the three nearest neighbour's DBH to the subject pine divided by their distance and, amount of available light at the top of the crown (DIFNt) were found as the best overall predictors of pine stem volume growth.

We used the Herfindahl Hirschman Index to indicate the level of competition.