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He came up with six indicators of research excellence, used them to rank the world's top universities and published the result.
Scientific articles are indicators of research interest and efforts in every country.
Furthermore, they can be used in creating pronouncements about qualitative performance indicators of research activities (Wallin 2005).
I look for specific indicators of research quality, asking myself questions such as: Are the background literature and study rationale clearly articulated?
An obvious difference in terms of research output, indicators of research quality and collaboration figures among Arab world countries were documented.
The use of citations as indicators of research performance is based on the assumption that the frequency of citations demonstrates that the progress in knowledge contributed by a paper is imparted to other scientists by their study of this paper.
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Citation is a key indicator of research quality and researchers need to be aware of the mechanisms that might enhance the citation of published articles, such as self-citation, whenever possible [ 38].
An indicator of research performance frequently used in German science policy is the number of PhD dissertations.
The second part traces the evolution of the R&D/sales ratio in the 1960s through its use as an indicator of research or technological intensity.
The number of publications is considered an important indicator of research activity, especially of the investments in "doing basic science," even though it is not enough to share a publication to endorse the intellectual life of the wider scientific community.
Many of these studies on collaborative practices carried out by scholars in the field of research policy still maintain a strong assumption that joint publications are the best indicator of research collaboration.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com