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The first two lines of Table 2 report some basic descriptive statistics for the indicators of proficiency in literacy and numeracy for the pooled sample of all PIAAC participating countries.
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Significant correlations for five FOCs and two EPAs were identified, which led us to believe that the number of completed PPEFs is an indicator of proficiency.
Board certification can be a reliable indicator of proficiency if the certifying organization demonstrates, through regularly scheduled independent review, that its processes meet established standards and when a certificate holder is required to periodically demonstrate command of a body of knowledge that is essential to current professional practice.
Standardized test score, self-perceived language proficiency, and the length of previous language study are all effective indicators of language proficiency, and these various indicators might be best employed together when investigating the relationships between language proficiency and academic success.
Secondly, Criterion® holistic scores were found to be correlated positively with indicators of L2 proficiency, suggesting that the holistic scores may reflect L2 proficiency in L2 use contexts.
Criterion® holistic scores are related to indicators of L2 proficiency.
Relationships between Criterion® scores and indicators of L2 proficiency have also been examined.
Research Question 2 asked whether Criterion® holistic scores were positively related to indicators of L2 proficiency.
They were employed as test and nontest indicators of L2 proficiency.
Are Criterion® holistic scores positively related to indicators of L2 proficiency?
Relatively weak but positive correlations between Criterion® holistic scores and indicators of L2 proficiency.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com