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Scour marks are strong indicators of past water flow.
Furthermore, they are robust indicators of past aridity.
These glaciers are among the best indicators of past climate in the Southern Hemisphere.
This field of study uses sophisticated statistical methods to derive meaning from scattered and variegated indirect indicators of past temperature — with tree rings being the most familiar example.
For respondents contacted from the list of registered voters and confirmed to match the intended voters, official records of voting in the 2012, 2013 and 2016 elections were used as indicators of past voting.
Proxy-based indicators of past climate change show that current global climate models systematically underestimate Holocene-epoch climate variability on centennial to multi-millennial timescales, with the mismatch increasing for longer periods1,2,3,4,5.
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Cash, after all, is an indicator of past success, so it has a way of making C.E.O.s think they're smart.
They also counted the number of teeth each person had and considered tooth loss to be an indicator of past periodontal disease.
Thus, it could be useful as an indicator of past pollution and as a trace to follow the fate of pathogens (Bitton 2005b).
Consequently, while δ13C is a useful indicator of past drought events, changes in these isotopic signatures may not necessarily translate directly to changes in annual growth (Fig. 3).
So all this suggests that an abundance of berries in the hedgerow is more reliable as an indicator of past weather, rather than a prediction of a hard winter to come as weather lore would have it.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
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