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Although the central areas of Garden City and Zhujiajiao Town have different geographical and historical backgrounds, the measured land-use structures, including indicators of area proportion and area per capita, exhibits similarities on land-use types of residential, transportation, and ecological conservation, which offer a considerable reference for land-use structure of a livable urban area.
Perhaps, however, compositional indicators of area deprivation hide women's real susceptibility to area effects.
Although infrequently used, there are a number of contextual, rather than compositional indicators of area SES and gender equality that lack the intrinsic bias of aggregated individual characteristics (57).
Unlike the previous study of Massachusetts that found that certain indicators of area deprivation such as unemployment or low education level were related to elevated work injury rates [ 36], we found other area indicators to be salient.
We suggest using indicators such as 'proportion of women' and, as a separate measure, 'proportion of men' with a particular SES characteristic such as 'living below the poverty line', and contextual indicators of area SES rather than sex-aggregated proportions.
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"Vulnerability" and "resilience" are terms of such broad conceptual meaning as to be almost useless for careful scientific communication, except as rhetorical indicators of areas of greatest concern.
Likewise, correlations among indicators of area-level SEP varied widely (rho = -0.05 to 0.89).
For example, in our ecologic analysis, air pollution was strongly correlated only with the spatial factor corresponding to 'noise complaints and property crime' (Factor 3), not with the other factors, or with indicators of area-level SEP.
The magnitude of the deprivation effect is particularly worrying given that the greater economic and socio-cultural mix in London might have been expected to dilute the association between indicators of area-level deprivation and screening uptake.
Gate numbers are indicators of areas where you will board the plane.
While there are no wrong or right answers in personality tests, there can be indicators of areas in which you would benefit from self-improvement, such as training in ethics or assertiveness.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com