Previously, we validated the accuracy of EVLW measurements obtained from postmortem lung samples using the single-indicator technique and defined statistically normal EVLW values, as determined through human autopsy [ 19].
The PiCCO catheter system uses a single thermal indicator technique to determine EVLW, CO, and volumetric parameters.
For the double indicator method, a bolus injection was made with cooled (0 4°C) indocyanine green dissolved in glucose 5% in a concentration of 2 mg/ml, and for the single indicator technique 15 ml cooled normal saline was used.
The damage force indicator technique is used to locate the porous region in a beam and also to find its length, using the measured wave propagation responses.
This monitor uses a single-thermal indicator technique to calculate the cardiac output, global end-diastolic volume (GEDV), and EVLW.
Recent experimental and clinical studies have shown that EVLW assessed by single thermodilution (ST) exhibits good reproducibility and close agreement with the thermo-dye double indicator technique [ 11, 12].
The monitor uses a single-thermal indicator technique to calculate the cardiac output (CO), global end-diastolic volume (GEDV), EVLW, and other volumetric parameters.
The PiCCO monitor uses a single-thermal indicator technique to calculate the cardiac output (CO), global end-diastolic volume (GEDV), EVLW, and other volumetric parameters.
The total phenolic contents were determined using the modified Folin-Ciocalteu indicator technique [28].
EVLW was assessed by the transpulmonary double indicator technique with intravenous injections of ice-cold indocyanine green (ICG).
